"Mascot"

In chapter two of "The Autobiography of Malcolm X," Malcolm describes his feelings after moving into a foster home with the Swerlin family. Malcolm is separated from all of his siblings, however meets up with his half-sister. "I had become a mascot," he recalls, "our branch of the family was split to pieces; I had just about forgotten about being a Little in any family sense" (35). His statement is a response to his half-sister, Ella's, comment about how they must stick together because they are both Littles. Malcolm feels like a mascot because he does not feel equal to those around him. He feels as if he is a source of observation and almost a pet to the white community he is living in. At school, Malcolm is not treated as equal. When he tells his teacher of his aspiration to become a lawyer, even his well-meaning teacher looks down upon him and lower than the other students. He is no longer united with his family and only serves as a representative or "mascot" for his family in the town he is living in. When he moves, he hopes to succeed more than he would have in Lansing. He hopes to be seen as a higher and more important individual, not simply a mascot. The title of this chapter represents Malcolm's goals of escaping a life of feeling like someone's pet.

Blog #1: A Writer's Responsibilities

While a writer writes for millions of readers, he also writes for himself. He has not only responsibilities to his reader, but to himself as well. Nobel Prize winner Albert Camus said that a writer, "cannot serve today those who make history, he must serve those who are subject to it." He is cited for "illuminating the problems of the human conscience." While I agree that this is part of the writer's duty to others, I think there is more. It is important for writers to depict the problems of our time, however the aspects of modern life that are not problems are important too. I enjoy writing that deals with both an individual's experience and general social issues because I do not think that these topics are so different. With an individual's experiences come the social issues and puzzles of everyday life. The writer's main duty to his readers is to draw emotion from them and make them care, even if what they are caring about is not necessarily a problem. Vonnegut describes how powerful simplistic writing can be and how one sentence can "break the heart of a reader" (21). This supports how important it is to make the reader care.

A writer's duty to himself is to always stay true to his writing style and what his values in writing are. A writer should not write about something for which he does not care. Just as Camus says, a writer cannot serve history, however he can impact the future. A writer's words, however, will have no power if he does not believe in them himself. In order to fulfill his responsibilities to others, a writer must first be sure that he is fulfilling his responsibilities to himself by staying true to himself in his writing. A writer must also stick to his own set of basic rules for writing, what Stephen KIng would consider a writing "toolbox." A writer should write what they know and utilize the tools that they have to be sure that what they write is their own. If a writer cannot be true to themselves in their writing, they cannot be true to their readers and cannot be influential in the future and to "those who are subject to it."

Blog #6: To dig the dust encloased heare

            Buried in both praise and controversy since 1616, Shakespeare’s wishes on his gravestone have been ignored, for the man who hoped to spend his afterlife undisturbed has been the topic of conversation for hundreds of years since his death. Though we know it is important to study the works of Shakespeare, do we really know why we have been moving his bones against his wishes for the past 395 years? The reason cannot be that he possessed some kind of superior education or intelligence; Shakespeare was a brilliant writer, however he only attended school until the age of fifteen. I think the answer to why we study Shakespeare in English is actually obvious: he was an exceptional; writer. Someone does not need to be particularly intelligent (although great skill in writing does signify intelligence) or highly educated with expert degrees to be influential. Yes, it is true that his works are often probed with controversy. Some conspiracies even suggest that due to Queen Elizabeth’s commendable education and support of the arts, she could have been the penholder behind his masterpieces. These conspiracies, however, cannot be proven; therefore, we must go by what we have learned. It is important to study Shakespeare because of the way he illuminated London’s stages with the perfect combination of history, tragedy, and comedy. It could be said that his works influenced almost every film and story we know today. Where would the tragic failures of romances in today’s romantic comedies be without the comic relief? They would be nothing but depressing and would not even live up to their genre. Where would the substance of novels be if there was no history included to serve as a setting for the plotline? We study Shakespeare because he inspired a world of new possibilities in writing. Still, I wonder if we will continue to study Shakespeare in the decades to come. Will the greatness of his works fade, or will their impact remain immortal?

Blog #5: The Path Forward

             For me, 2011 is going to be the year of self-improvement. My resolutions for the New Year also include helping others and volunteering time to make the world a better place, however how can one benefit the rest of the world if they are not happy with themselves? Living up to the fastidious Leo stereotype, the standards I set for myself often stand higher than I can reach. When I do not meet my own expectations, high or low, I am always disappointed in myself. This year, rather than condemning myself on the occasions that my achievements do not reach my often unattainable merit, I will pat myself on the back and reward myself for doing my utmost. To do so, I will set more realistic and obtainable goals, and if my accomplishments surpass them then I will commend myself. If I do not meet those goals, I will not belabor my shortcoming. Instead, I will make note of my faults and learn from them.

            My mother is fortunate enough that she does not have to work for a living. While she may not have a job in the corporate world, she is busier than any working mother I know. She lovingly cares for a family of three plus a dog, a large house, as well as her closest friends. In a sizable house, there are infinite jobs to be done from cleaning to laundry. This year, I am going to help my mom around the house that way she can have more time for herself. Compassionate, generous, and selfless, my mother deserves more time to relax and spend time taking care of herself. While I may not be able to pick up the cleaning and run errands, I can help to keep our home tidy. Always in a rush, I have a tendency to not leave things exactly how I find them. To make household chores easier, I will try harder to keep things in their place. I will also go more out of my way to do carry out facile tasks even when they are not asked of me such as taking out the trash when its full. I hope to make my mother’s life less stressful this year, because more than anyone else she deserves it.

There is no selfish deed more fulfilling than helping someone else. This year, I am going to donate more of my free time to helping others. Ideally, this would include joining a community service program. In the past, I have abstained from community service because I feared it would occupy too much time and would interfere with my schoolwork. Sticking to my first resolution of setting reasonable goals, I will begin helping others one step at a time. Consider the people in the world, even the people in our own communities that are not as fortunate as we. My first step to benefiting others will be cleaning out my closet. Holding onto a sweater that I never wear is not doing any good for myself or for anyone else. The possession that I value so little is of much more worth to someone who needs it. Simple actions like donating a bag of clothes, or making a meal for a struggling family can make such a difference. Even if I cannot devote limitless hours to a shelter, I can still make a positive impact. Through self-improvement and helping others, I am going to make 2011 a year fuller than any other.

Blog #4: Dark, Shocking, and Addicting

In “Clichés, Superficial Story-Telling, and the Dark Humor of Flannery O’Connor’s ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find’”, Robert C. Evans made me view O’Connor’s short story from a completely different perspective. Perhaps I was analyzing the story and characters with the incorrect viewpoint, for I did not place nearly as much significance in the use of clichés as Evans. Surprised by the gravity he placed on hackneyed aspects of the story, dialogue, and characters, I had not considered his point of view. Evans saw the purpose of the clichés and superficiality to be to contrast O’Connor’s writing. He then says that O’Connor’s use of dark humor is meant to be a contrast between her writing and the writing of others when saying, “One reason O’Connor employs this sort of shockingly black comedy is to make a clear contrast between her own kind of writing and the other, far more stale and predictable styles in which language generally tends to be used, especially in modern society” (Evans).

            It is with Evans’ formerly stated opinion that I disagree. He makes it seems as if every writing style other than O’Connor’s dark, tragic humor is dry and unpredictable. Evans underestimates the power of language and speaks as if the only way to surprise an audience is through raw and sinister tragedy that shocks the reader like a devastating news broadcast. On the contrary, when used in the manner of authors such as Emily Brontë, language can make an impact without the use of graphic and specific description. Language has the potential to allure and surprise when applied vaguely, therefore Flannery O’Connor’s approach is not the only way to shock readers. I do, however, agree that O’Connor “uses her special brand of dark humor to shake her readers awake and keep them alert” (Evans). The bland and superficial characters do contrast well with the blatant and abominable Misfit and his startling deeds. Just as Evans discusses, “A Good Man is Hard to Find” begins as a series of predictable events, however progresses into a scandalous string of completely unforeseen occurrences. 

            

Blog #3: The French Do It Right

The French, or rather Europeans in general, live their lives with a sense of pleasure and joie de vivre that the average American lacks. The typical American family fastidiously plots their departure for vacation like the VonTrapp family plots their escape from Austria in The Sound of Music. The French, on the other hand, have a more hedonistic approach. A travel day for them is regarded with blithe anticipation and is filled with stops in the country to enjoy meals en famille and sojourns at landmarks along the way. In August of 2010, my family decided to take on the European method of travel as we journeyed from Paris to the medieval walled city of Carcassonne, France. The “road rip” was preceded by a sleep undisturbed by alarm clocks, followed by a leisurely breakfast, and finally one last scenic stroll through city. There was neither a wake-up call meant to galvanize us at the ungodly hours of the morning nor a brown-bagged breakfast or bagel on the go. The car ride itself was not nearly as pleasant.

            The scenery of the French countryside was so ravishing that not even the works of Claude Monet in the Louvre could have depicted it properly. Unfortunately, our rental car, a four-door Peugeot, was about two sizes too small for our eight pieces of modest-sized luggage.  To make matters more unbearable, the backseat was damp and smelled of must; this was an indication of someone having left the windows of the car open in the rain and the rental company neglecting to clean it.  Despite the car’s shortcomings, the trip was to be made as enjoyable as possible, and therefore the hotel bid us au revoir with a parting gift of fluffy, crème brulée-colored towels. I took the front seat for the following six hours while my mom dozed in the back. My dad and I laughed at our French GPS as she mispronounced English words like “intersection”. By nine o’clock at night, our walled destination was in sight. As our compact car rolled through the front entrance, we were presented with ironically, an intersection. A scrawny, tanned man in a striped shirt sat lazily where the two roads met; we believe he was meant to be the night guard. In a mixture of French and English, we communicated that we were headed to the Hôtel de la Cité. Teetering on his leather shoes, the man insisted that we could follow either road to arrive at our destination and eventually directed us to bear left. About five minutes in, the road turned into a dirt path too narrow to turn around in. Out the right window, the ancient wall surrounding the city was close enough to touch. To the left was a staggering cliff, gravel and stones chipping off as our car eased its way forward. Eventually we reached a fork in the road, however one leg was a set of stairs and the other a steep, blocked path. A group of men and women casually walked out of the walls and down the stairs, only to find themselves face-to-face with the frightened Americans attempting to back up. With the directing of the laughing French, who praised us, “Now you can drive anywhere in France,” we managed to turn the car around and made our way back to the intersection where we then turned right.

While we had triumphantly entered the city’s walls, the journey was not over yet. Navigating the walled-city proved to be a challenge as well. All the roads were extremely narrow, making near collisions a common feat. Sooner or later, two cars meet headlight-to-headlight and someone needs to take the initiative to back up. When this situation arose, it was eleven o’clock, and we were not turning around. The stubborn man in front of us seemed to have the same idea, for when my dad shook his head, signifying that we would not be going anywhere but forward, he shrugged his shoulders and lit a cigarette. Like a knight in shining armor, the hotel concierge arrived to our rescue, flashing the two golden keys on his suit collar like la police flash their authoritative badges. We finally relaxed as he escorted us through Carcassonne’s maze of ancient stonewalls and breathed sighs of relief with the comforting knowledge that from that moment on, the vacation had begun. 

Blog #2: Black Leather Shoes

            There is nothing quite like buying the perfect pair of shoes. Some people feel exalted when they slip into a pair of five-inch stilettos; others drop to their knees at the first scent of brand new Italian leather. Unfortunately, no bliss can last forever, and eventually the idyll that one lives in with their new pair of shoes looses its luster. When this happens, the only extraordinary aspect of the shoes that remains are the memories they hold. Last summer, my best-loved black leather flats took me on a journey.

            They say distance makes the heart grow fonder and I can personally relate; my closest friends live thousands of miles across the Atlantic Ocean in Italy and London. Once a year we meet in the enchanting town of Bellagio, Italy, where we fill ourselves will memories to last until we return again. It was fortunate that my ballet flats were already worn-in by the time we had arrived, or else I may have been reluctant to wear them on the uneven cobblestone streets of Lake Como. Those shoes took me up and down every stairway, alleyway, and town square of our treasured Italian village. I can still remember the sound they made as I ran through the sand to reunite with my best friend after a long winter separated. On a particularly rainy afternoon, the shoes sailed me through the puddles and into a local coffee shop called Bar Sport, where my girls and me spent hours laughing, reveling, and savoring our moments together.

            As I look down at my worn leather shoes, I see that their once glossy, lustrous red soles have lost their color. I do not reflect longingly on the days when they were brand new, but I do reminisce on the memories they hold in their fraying stitches. It was not so long ago that my toes were tapping under a table in Italy next to the equally excited feet of my best friends. Every day that I slip my black flats on, I smile and sometimes shed a tear when I recall my adventures in Italy with them. (Of course, it does not hurt that they are handcrafted Italian leather.)

Blog #1: Two Separate Worlds

            In the article, “The Flags of Our Sons”, author Billy Shore shares an experience he had while traveling U.S. Airways from Boston to Washington. He, along with a handful of other passengers, observed a silver military hearse being removed from the plane. Also present at the unofficial funeral were Senator Kennedy, a Marine honor guard, and the parents of the fallen Marine. At the end of his article Shore recalls, “The disconnect between those who serve and those of us who are beneficiaries of their service has always felt great to me, but never greater than at that moment”[1]. The purpose of this article is to show the significance that the death of a serviceman has on his beneficiaries. The fallen Marine was a stranger to Shore, for he did not even know his name; however his observations and solemn respect were that of a close friend’s funeral. The difference was that his description was not emotional; rather it was dutiful and courteous. Shore is showing his audience that even as parents, to be on the receiving side of the relationship between a Marine and the people he is fighting for is to be on a separate planet. His observations show that even the Marine’s own parents demonstrated a submissive and passionless respect for their lost son. Their emotions could not have been seen through the hard masks they wore in comparison to a prototype hysterical mother bubbling with emotion over the death of a son she saw every day. This connects to the relationship Paul has with his father in All Quiet on the Western Front. His father’s treats him with the iron respect he might use to salute a passing soldier. Paul may be his son, however he is nevertheless disconnected in the way that Billy Shore describes.

---

[1] Shore, Billy. “The Flags of Our Sons.” The New York Times 4 August 2006.

Prediction of Diction

When reading Erich Maria Remarque's epigraph, one picks up a tone of bluntness. Straight and to the point, Demarque tells the reader what will not be found in his novel, All Quiet on the Western Front. It can be predicted that this novel will contain valid facts and details from war. No bias or blame toward either side will be included for the book is "neither an accusation nor confession" (Remarque Epigraph). Death will be a theme, for the book claims to be a story of death, and a hardened tone will persist throughout. Remarque fought during World War I and wrote his novel with the intention of concentrating on the inhumanity of war. During combat, he was injured several times. If his descriptions sound insensitive, it is because he has seen them first hand and has been hardened by their brutality. Remarque knows the horrors of war, making All Quiet on the Western Front a true story "of a generation of men, who even though they may have escaped shells, were destroyed by the war" (Remarque Epigraph).

Source: All Quiet on the Western Front: About the Author

The Politics of War

"Politics is war without bloodshed while war is politics with bloodshed" (Mao Tse-Tung 1893-1976)

This statement on war breaks the concept of fighting down to its simplest. The definition of war is a state of armed conflict. Before those involved become armed with weapons, there is simply a conflict. In conflict there is disagreement, argument, different opinions and sides. These concepts are what make up both politics and war, with the only difference being that war involves the killing of those in opposition. By taking away our weapons in war, we are left with are words and political opinions. By adding weapons to politics, war and bloodshed are created because the disagreement has moved beyond a level that can be debated. This statement can reveal the truths of the American Revolution. At the point that the American colonies decided to declare war against Great Britain, Thomas Paine's Common Sense stated that the time of debate was over and that open arms were the only resort. Politics and war are the same, they just function with different methods.

Home Is Where the Heart Is

When I think of home, I think of my family: my mother, my father, and my dog. No matter where I've been or how long I've been gone for, they are always there to welcome me back. When I think of being home, I think of tall, wooly slippers because our house is always too chilly to wander the halls with bare feet. In the summer my house smells of flowers and heat from open doors, with the slightest sound of the trickling creek in the backyard. In the autumn, cinnamon scented candles burn as a tea kettle shrieks and spits steam on its practically permanent place on the stove. The smoldering fireplace becomes the center of every evening in the winter, and when spring arrives the windows are opened again as my mother pursues spring cleaning. All year round, a fruit basket filled with seasonal treats sits on the table next to a vase of seasonal flowers. A loaf of the week's bread is chipped away at from Monday to Friday. Riding boots and chaps can always be found in a nearby corner. When I am away from home, I miss the comfort and simplicity. I miss small meals thrown together on the pan and quiet evenings spent reading or watching a film with the family. Cultured and cultivated, home is where the heart is.

A Friend is a Friend, Until the End

“The holy passion of Friendship is of so sweet and steady and loyal and enduring a nature that it will last through a whole lifetime, if not asked to lend money.” - Mark Twain

The relationship of some friends is so strong that it can withstand even the strongest storm. Powerful emotions bind friends together through a lifetime, however those same emotions also hold the potential to violently rip friends apart. In order for a friendship to be enduring enough to last, a fierce sensitivity and emotional bond must be involved. Unfortunately, while a bond that strong can be durable, it can also be more breakable than the weakest of relationships because of the emotions involved. When creating the friendships and relationships in Wuthering Heights, I think that Emily Bronte had a similar idea in mind. All of the relationships that connected the characters were extremely passionate. A perfect example is the relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine, whose relationship is so passionate and emotionally heated that it can almost be described as “make or break”, where the action of one person can either strengthen or completely destroy the bond. 

Themes and Motifs

A story’s theme is a main idea or message that is stressed by the author throughout the novel. These are different from a story’s motifs, which are recurring repeated ideas in the novel. For my life story, an appropriate theme would be that when you push yourself to try harder, you are success. In everything I do from studies, to creative work, to even my own small goals, I find that when I push myself to go that tiny, and sometimes uncomfortable extra step, I am highly satisfied with the result. The motifs that can be found intricately laced within my life story often show themselves in the form of rewards that follow an achievement. One common motif is a well-deserved vacation after a grueling school year. Another could be a delicious night out after a week of hard work. 

Last year, when reading To Kill A Mockingbird, a common motif that was noticed was birds. Bird references appeared in instances such as the book’s title and the last name “Finch”. The theme of the novel was learning to stand up for what you believe is right. Harper Lee expressed this message through the lessons Scout learned growing up as the daughter of a lawyer who fights for what he feels is justice. 

The PSAT: Things to Remember...

As the PSAT rears its head, there are a few very important points to keep in mind. Being more informed aids in relieving PSAT-related stress because it makes one realize that with the proper preparation, there is no reason to be fearful. Something I was unaware of is that when a junior, the PSAT should not be taken as a practice, for it can actually earn you a scholarship if you do particularly well! Although it is rather unexpected, a student should skip a question that they cannot confidently answer because you will lose more points for being incorrect than for not giving an answer. One does not need to get every question right in order to receive a perfect score- the way to get a perfect score depends on whether you get enough questions right rather than how many you get incorrect. The PSAT does not asses a student’s knowledge, it assesses reasoning and logic, basic skill level and critical thinking. It is made so that anyone, regardless of academic background, could be successful. By keeping these important facts in mind, the PSAT can become a mountain to climb rather than an obstacle to dodge.

Wuthering Heights: More Than Victorian Literature...

While commonly characterized as Victorian, Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heightscan also be classified as Gothic literature. Prevalent traits of Gothic literature that are exhibited in Wuthering Heights are sinister buildings, extreme weather, mention of the supernatural, and revenge. Heathcliff’s home, Wuthering Heights, is described as being subject to “the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather” (Bronte 2). The reader receives an example of the tumultuous weather when Mr. Lockwood returns to visit Mr. Heathcliff for the second time and is forced to spend the night due to the “bitter whirl of winter and suffocating snow” (12).

A censored topic of the Victorian period but frequently used in Gothic literature, Emily Bronte introduces the idea of the supernatural in her novel when Mr. Lockwood sees the ghost of Catherine. Occurring on the same night of the violent storm, Mr. Lockwood’s sighting of the ghost is preceded by ominous wind that forces a “branch” to knock on his window. Revenge, another common theme in Gothic writing, also plays its role in the novel. Throughout his life, Heathcliff is filled with vengeance and is constantly plotting to get back at those who have wronged him. Wuthering Heights itself is also a symbol of Gothic literature because of the eerie way it is described. With no signs of warmth in the building, it gives off a sinister air found in all aspects of the novel. These omens not only foreshadow the events to come but help to classifyWuthering Heights as Gothic literature.

I am Heathcliff

By confessing “I am Heathcliff”, Catherine is revealing a deep part of her soul that has not been seen by the reader. She is implying that it is not that Heathcliff makes her happy, but that the two of them are so alike that they can understand each other better than anyone else. She loves him so strongly and feels so connected to him that it is as if they are the same person.

Catherine has entered into an agreement with Edgar because of the love she feels for Heathcliff. She predicts that if she were to spend the rest of her life with Heathcliff, both of them would lead a life of poverty and misfortune. If she were to marry Edgar, Catherine would be guaranteed a comfortable living filled with wealth. Her plan includes not only building a luxurious life for herself, but a life for Heathcliff that is free of hardship. She claims that she can “aid Heathcliff to rise” (Bronte 76) and remove him from under Hindley’s power. Viewing the situation from Catherine’s perspective, I can understand her reasoning. If I were in the same predicament, I would not marry someone who I was not in love with simply for security. A decision like Catherine’s is one that she may regret later on down the road. Living with remorse is not a worthy price to pay for a comfortable life. Since Catherine’s period is a time of change in where women stand in society, I would prefer to work hard with my husband to earn our family a life we can be proud and thankful for.

Dreams

It is when I am in a deep, well-needed sleep that my mind plays host to dreams. At times, the dreams are familiar, giving the feeling of a déjà vu. Never, however, have I experienced a recurring dream. Occasionally, if a dream touches me in a certain way or includes memorable happenings, I will awake the following morning and recall what occurred. Sometimes the memories are strong and vivid, while other times they are vague and confusing. Often the people in my life will appear in my dreams. At times their roles are switched, such as film or novel characters replacing my parents and friends. When feeling emotional, whether ecstatic or morose, I can sometimes find the reason for these feelings in my dreams. When unsure of why or what I am afraid of, dreams will give me the answer. They may also bring different thoughts into my mind, like ideas or answers that have never occurred to me. I believe that the source of dreams is not what mainly occupies one throughout the day, but the deep thoughts and ideas that linger quietly in the back of one’s mind.

Before drifting to sleep, Mr. Lockwood reads journal entries and names that give him insight into the lives of those inhabiting Wuthering Heights. He falls asleep tracing the names Catherine Linton, Catherine Earnshaw, and Catherine Heathcliff. His nightmare is a direct inspiration from what he has read. Mr. Lockwood’s dreams reveal a curiosity that is lurking in the back of his mind about Catherine. They also show a bit of fear and suspicion about Wuthering Heights and its previous inhabitants because of the eerie manner in which they come to him. Since Mr. Lockwood’s dream about Catherine knocking on the window implies that she was “lost” (either by death or literally lost), it foreshadows Mr. Heathcliff’s devastated behavior when he hears her name mentioned. The source of Mr. Lockwod’s dreaming can be found in his own realization that he has entered a world with a complicated and deep history. His act of cruelty towards Catherine’s ghost in the dream shows the harsh impact that Wuthering Heights has already had on his once kind demeanor. Perhaps he has realized that the same fear and coldness that inhibits the people of Wuthering Heights has already instilled itself in him.